Narrative

Eurasian Parnassius and related genera reach their zenith of development in northern China and northern India.

The group is listed here in alphabetical sequence by species within genus. The Guide to the Genera and Species of Parnassiinae, a Bulletin published in London by the British Museum, has been used as a reference to create a list of forty-four known species.

Many of the forms in this group should no doubt be raised to full species status as research continues with new forms being discovered yearly. As Luehdorfia chinensis and Luehdorfia longicaudata likely fall into this latter group they have been included in this list (an * indicates that this species is pictured):

SPECIES - - - - - - LOCATION
Archon appolinus - Rumania to Iraq
Bhutanitis lidderdalii - North India to north Siam
Bhutanitis ludlowi - Bhutan
Bhutanitis mansfieldi - China, Yunnan
Bhutanitis thaidina - China, Yunnan, Szechwan
Cressida cressida - Australia and nearby
Hypermnestra helios - Iran, Afghanistan
Luehdorfia puziloi - East Asia, Korea, Japan
Luehdorfia japonica - Japan, China
Luehdorfia longicaudata - China
Luehdorfia chinensis - China

Parnassius acdestes - USSR, China
Parnassius acco - Tibet, Sikkim
Parnassius actius - Afghanistan to China
Parnassius apollonius - USSR, China
Parnassius apollo - Sweden, Europe to China
Parnassius ariadne - USSR, Mongolia
Parnassius autocrator - Afghanistan, USSR
Parnassius bremeri - China, Korea
Parnassius cephalus - Tibet, China

Parnassius charitonius - Afghan, Tibet, north India
Parnassius delphius - Afghan. USSR, China, Tibet
Parnassius epahus - Afghanistan, north India, China
Parnassius eversmanni - Circumpolar
Parnassius jacquemonti - Afghanistan, USSR
Parnassius glacialis - Japan, China
Parnassius hardwicki - North India, Nepal
Parnassius honrathi - Afghanistan, USSR
Parnassius imperator - China, Tibet

Parnassius inopinatus - Afghanistan
Parnassius loxias - USSR, China
Parnassius mnemosyne - North Europe to Iraq, Iran
Parnassius nomion - Mongolia, USSR, China
Parnassius nordmanni - USSR
Parnassius orleans - Mongolia, China
Parnassius patricius - USSR
Parnassius phoebis - Europe, N. America, USSR, etcetera
Parnassius simo - USSR, India, China, Tibet
Parnassius stubbendorfi - USSR, Japan
Parnassius szechenyii - Tibet, China
Parnassius tianschanicus - USSR. Afghanistan
Parnassius tenedius - USSR, Mongolia, China
Sericinus montela - China, Korea
Zerynthia cerisy - Rumania, Iran, Iraq
Zerynthia polyxena - France, Italy, Greece, etcetera
Zerynthia rumina - South France, Spain, Portugal

Note: Because Cressida cressida is not easily classified, it is arbitrarily included here even though it probably does not belong in the Parnassian group. This makes a total of 45 butterflies in the group.

Parnassius clodius, found in both the Old and New World groups, is listed in the North American group.

Taxonomy

References